P0441

P0441 says the purge flow is wrong — either the ECU commanded the purge solenoid to open and didn't see the expected drop in EVAP system pressure (no purge happening), or it commanded it closed and is still seeing flow (purge happening when it shouldn't). This is a more specific code than P0440 and it points the finger almost directly at the purge solenoid, but the fuel cap is still the $5-30 first check because a leaking cap can confuse the purge flow logic. After the cap, the diagnostic ladder is: scan-tool the purge solenoid duty cycle while watching fuel-tank pressure, then run a smoke test with the purge solenoid manually commanded closed — if smoke escapes into the intake, the purge solenoid is leaking through and needs replacement. A stuck-open purge valve is the single most common P0441 cause; the diaphragm fails or carbon from the canister gums up the seat. Vent solenoid debris can also throw P0441 by holding the system unable to draw a vacuum during the purge cycle.

Patterns by platform: 2003-2010 Ford 4.6L is the textbook P0441 vehicle — the purge valve is mounted near the intake and the diaphragm cracks from heat cycling; replacement is $40-80 for the part and about an hour of labor. 2005-2015 Toyota/Lexus throws P0441 less often than P0440 but when it does, it's usually the canister vent solenoid letting atmospheric air bleed in during the purge test. 2007-2014 GM full-size trucks see P0441 from clogged vent solenoids on the same wheel-well dust intrusion path that causes their P0440 returns. 2008-2015 VW/Audi LDP failures throw P0441 when the pump can no longer pressurize the system enough to verify purge flow. 2012+ Hyundai/Kia models that use a fuel-tank pressure sensor (FTPS) can throw P0441 when the FTPS reads stuck — the ECU doesn't see the expected pressure swing during purge and flags incorrect flow. Repair range: $40-80 purge valve, $100-200 vent solenoid, $300-500 LDP, $80-150 FTPS.