OBD-II Code · Powertrain
P0028
Intake Valve Control Solenoid Circuit Range (Bank 2)
Intake VVT solenoid (bank 2) circuit performance fault.
Common symptoms
- CEL
- Rough idle on bank 2 cylinders
Likely causes
- Failed VVT solenoid
- Wiring/connector
- Low oil pressure
Where to start
- Try the cheapest cause first. Start by checking: failed vvt solenoid.
- Cost & scope. $120-$600
- If the code returns after the fix: escalate to a shop or scanner with live-data and freeze-frame. A code that re-sets means the underlying fault is still there.
Read the full diagnostic procedure
Bank 2 EXHAUST camshaft position actuator (OCV) circuit fault. Electrical-only code, mirror of P0013 on bank 2 exhaust. Only applies to dual-VVT V6/V8 engines (Toyota Dual VVT-i, Ford 3V/4V Coyote and Triton, GM dual-VVT, most German V-engines). Cheapest-first ladder: (1) Ohm the bank 2 exhaust OCV — 6.9-7.9 ohms most Asian, 10-15 ohms Ford. (2) Verify battery voltage and PCM PWM signal at the connector. (3) Pull OCV and clean the inlet screen — bank 2 exhaust OCV screens varnish faster than any other position because they run hottest and farthest from the oil pump. (4) Wiggle-test harness near the rear of the engine — heat-shield chafe is common. Don't replace the bank 2 exhaust cam phaser on a P0028 — this is a circuit code, mechanical phaser is innocent.
Vehicle-specific patterns
Vehicle-specific patterns: 2007-2016 Toyota Camry/Sienna/Highlander 2GR-FE V6 — bank 2 (rear, firewall-side) exhaust OCV is the most varnish-prone OCV in the entire engine, clean screen first; TSB covers it. 2011-2016 Ford F-150 5.0L Coyote — bank 2 exhaust OCV connector pin fretting from engine vibration plus heat, repin terminals. 2008-2013 GM 3.6L LLT/LFX (CTS, Traverse, Acadia, Enclave) — bank 2 exhaust OCV harness chafe against the firewall and intake bracket, inspect routing. 2007-2013 Nissan VQ37VHR (370Z, G37) — bank 2 exhaust OCV failure at 70-100k, replace solenoid. Estimated repair: $50 to $320.
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